Asthma inhalers are the main tool to control breathing problems. Used correctly, they work fast and lower your risk of attacks. This page breaks down the common types, shows simple how-to steps, and gives quick safety tips so you get the most from your inhaler.
There are two big groups: relievers and controllers. Reliever inhalers work fast to open airways during symptoms. The usual active ingredient is albuterol (also called salbutamol). Controller inhalers contain steroid medicines like budesonide, fluticasone, or beclomethasone and reduce inflammation over time. Some inhalers combine a steroid with a long-acting bronchodilator (for example, budesonide/formoterol or fluticasone/salmeterol).
Delivery styles matter, too. Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) spray a measured puff. Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) release medicine when you inhale quickly. Spacers are add-ons for MDIs that make delivery easier, especially for kids and people who struggle with coordination.
MDI (puffer) technique — simple steps: 1) Shake the inhaler, 2) Breathe out fully, 3) Seal your lips around the mouthpiece, 4) Press the canister and inhale slowly for 3–5 seconds, 5) Hold your breath for about 10 seconds, then breathe out. If you need a second puff, wait 1 minute between puffs.
DPI technique is different: don’t shake. Load the dose per device instructions, exhale away from the mouthpiece, then inhale quickly and deeply for 1–2 seconds. Hold your breath briefly after inhaling.
If using a steroid inhaler, rinse your mouth and spit after each use to cut the risk of oral thrush. Use a spacer with MDIs when possible — it improves delivery and reduces throat deposition.
Keep an eye on the dose counter and the expiry date. If your inhaler has no counter, track doses so you don’t run out when you need it most. Store inhalers at room temperature away from heat and freezing.
Watch for side effects: relievers can cause tremor or a fast heartbeat; controllers may cause hoarseness or mouth thrush. If side effects bother you, talk to your clinician about alternatives or spacing techniques to reduce them.
When to see a doctor or emergency care: if your reliever is needed more than twice a week (not counting before exercise), or if you have worsening breathlessness, trouble speaking, blue lips, or poor response to your inhaler — get immediate help. For pregnant people, follow your doctor’s advice; uncontrolled asthma is higher risk than most inhaler meds.
Buying inhalers online? Only use licensed pharmacies and a valid prescription. Check for pharmacy accreditation, clear contact info, and secure checkout. If a site sells prescription inhalers without asking for a prescription, walk away.
Small technique changes often make a big difference. If your inhaler isn’t helping like it used to, ask a nurse or pharmacist to watch you use it — a quick fix often solves the problem.
