Antiretroviral drugs stop HIV from multiplying. Take them correctly and they keep the virus so low you can live a normal life and avoid passing HIV to others. That’s powerful, but only if you use the right drug at the right time and stick with it.
There are five main classes of antiretrovirals: NRTIs, NNRTIs, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, and entry inhibitors. Each class attacks the virus at a different step. Doctors usually combine drugs from different classes into one regimen so the virus has a harder time becoming resistant.
Adherence matters more than you might think. Missing doses can let HIV rebound and develop resistance. If you struggle with side effects, timing, or cost, talk to your clinic—there are simpler regimens, once-daily pills, and support programs in Canada that help with costs and reminders.
Side effects are real but often manageable. Common ones include nausea, headache, and fatigue. Some drugs can affect the liver, kidneys, or bone density, so your doctor will monitor blood tests. If you notice severe symptoms—rash, jaundice, high fever—seek medical help right away.
Drug interactions are a big concern. Many antiretrovirals interact with common medicines, herbal supplements, and even some heart and seizure drugs. Always tell your provider about every pill and supplement you take. Pharmacists can check interactions and suggest safe alternatives.
Resistance testing guides treatment. If viral load increases, clinicians run tests to see which drugs the virus resists. That helps them pick a new combination that will work. Switching therapy isn’t a sign of failure—it’s smart care to stay ahead of the virus.
Pregnancy and antiretrovirals: with proper treatment, the risk of passing HIV to a baby is extremely low. Pregnant people need specialized regimens and closer monitoring. If you’re planning pregnancy or become pregnant, contact your care team as soon as you can.
Buying meds online? Be cautious. Use accredited pharmacies and prescriptions from licensed clinicians. Fake or substandard antiretrovirals risk treatment failure and resistance. If you’re in Canada, look for pharmacies that follow Canadian regulations and offer pharmacist consultations.
Keep pills in one place, set daily alarms, and use pillboxes. Refill early—don’t wait until you run out. Keep lab appointments for viral load and CD4 checks. If side effects start, call your clinic before stopping the drug. Ask about financial help—many programs reduce or cover costs.
Traveling? Carry a copy of your prescription and store meds in original packaging. Keep a spare supply in case of delays. If you cross borders, check rules—some countries limit specific antiretrovirals. Also, avoid mixing alcohol with certain drugs and ask your provider about safe vaccines and infection precautions.
Talk to your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist first. Good online sources include government health sites and recognized HIV clinics. If you want locally focused help in Canada, reach out to community health centers that specialize in HIV care. Staying informed and connected makes a real difference.
